Total belowground carbon and nitrogen partitioning of mature black spruce displaying genetic soil moisture interaction in growth

نویسندگان

  • John E. Major
  • Kurt H. Johnsen
  • Debby C. Barsi
  • Moira Campbell
چکیده

Total belowground biomass, soil C, and N mass were measured in plots of 32-year-old black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.) from four full-sib families studied previously for drought tolerance and differential productivity on a dry and a wet site. Stump root biomass was greater on the wet than on the dry site; however, combined fine and coarse root biomass was greater on the dry than on the wet site, resulting in no site root biomass differences. There were no site differences in root distribution by soil depth. Drought-tolerant families had greater stump root biomass and allocated relatively less to combined coarse and fine roots than drought-intolerant families. Fine roots ( 2 mm) made up 10.9% and 50.2% of the belowground C and N biomass. Through 50 cm soil depth, mean total belowground C mass was 187.2 Mg·ha–1, of which 8.9%, 3.4%, 0.7%, and 87.0% were from the stump root, combined fine and coarse roots, necromass, and soil, respectively. Here, we show that belowground C sequestration generally mirrors (mostly from stump roots) aboveground growth, and thus, trends in genetic and genetic environment productivity effects result in similar effects on belowground C sequestration. Thus, tree improvement may well be an important avenue to help stem increases in atmospheric CO2. Résumé : La biomasse souterraine totale ainsi que la masse de C et de N dans le sol ont été mesurées dans des places échantillons où croissaient des épinettes noires (Picea mariana (Mill.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.) âgées de 32 ans. Quatre descendances biparentales étudiées précédemment pour leur tolérance à la sécheresse et leurs différences de productivité selon qu’elles croissaient dans une station sèche ou humide étaient représentées. La biomasse des racines de souche était plus importante dans la station humide que dans la station sèche. Cependant, la biomasse combinée des racines fines et des grosses racines était plus grande dans la station sèche que dans la station humide, de telle sorte qu’il n’y avait pas de différence entre les stations dans la biomasse des racines. Il n’y avait pas de différence entre les stations dans la distribution des racines en fonction de la profondeur dans le sol. La biomasse des racines de souche étaient plus importante chez les descendances tolérantes à la sécheresse qui allouaient relativement moins de ressources aux racines fines et aux grosses racines combinées que les descendances intolérantes. Les racines fines ( 2 mm) contenaient respectivement 10,9% et 50,2% de la biomasse souterraine de C et de N. Dans les premiers 50 cm de sol, C avait une masse totale moyenne de 187,2 Mg·ha–1, dont respectivement 8,9%, 3,4%, 0,7% et 87,0% provenaient des racines de souche, des racines fines et des grosses racines combinées, de la nécromasse et du sol. Dans cet article, nous démontrons que la séquestration du C dans le sol reflète (surtout dans les racines de souche) la croissance aérienne et, par conséquent, que les tendances des effets de nature génétique et génétique environnement sur la productivité se traduisent par des effets similaires sur la séquestration de C dans le sol. Par conséquent, l’amélioration des arbres pourrait bien être une importante façon de favoriser les augmentations de CO2 atmosphérique dans la tige. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2012